cbse class 12 syllabus 2023 Computer Science

Unit I:

Revision of python basics studied in class 11th.
Scope and usage of functions involving tuples, list, default and positional parameters, passing parameters, libraries, return values, and more.
Handling and types of files.
Basic operations are performed on text files like open, close, manipulate, read data and append into a text file along with absolute and relative paths.
Basic operations performed on binary files open, close, read, search, write and use csv.reader() and csv.writerow() functions.
Importing libraries using python
Data structures like lists and stacks, including push and pop.

ARPANET and Internet about the evolution of networking.
Terminologies used in data communication like bandwidth, data transfer rate, and concept of a channel.
Twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, optical fibre, microwave, radio, infrared, and satellite link used as transmission media.
Introduction and types of network topologies.
Network protocols, mobile telecommunication technologies and mobile processors.
Protocols for video conferencing and chats.
Concept of network security.
Web services like WWW, HTML, XML, http, URL and domain names.
Websites, web hosting, web browser and web 8 servers.

Concept of the database.
Relational data model including the concept of domain, tuple, relation, attribute, degree and cardinality
Types of keys (primary, foreign, candidate and alternate)
Concept, advantage, data manipulation and definition language in Structured Query Language (SQL).
Types of data (number, character, decimal, varchar, varchar 2 and date)
Revision of SQL commands you studied in class 11th.
Equi-join and natural join.
The interface of python with an SQL database.